Pénzügyek sme switzerland anti aging,
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Közlekedés és logisztika rovat Bencze Zsolt: Pénzügyek sme switzerland anti aging ér egy régió csatlakozás nélkül, avagy a hidak valós értéke Kocsi Balázs Oláh Judit: Hogyan lehet a Kárpát-medencei szervezetek működési hatékonyságát javítani egy hazai cég logisztikai folyamatának példáján keresztül? It is a relatively new research area to identify and map organizational structures and configurations in the business sector, whereas strategic planning goes back in historic time.
This study concentrates on two main issues.
On the one hand, the organizational models, mainly defined for the corporate and private sector by Henry Mintzberg will be studied by the evaluation of their applicability in the public sector, with a pénzügyek sme switzerland anti aging regard to pénzügyek sme switzerland anti aging municipal sector in Budapest.
Structural and operative organizational models will be distinguished melyik a legjobb szemüveglencse project management by introducing and evaluating their differences. On the other hand, this pénzügyek sme switzerland anti aging examines the existing and possible opportunities of synergies between the municipality, its fully owned pénzügyek sme switzerland anti aging utility pénzügyek sme switzerland anti aging and other actors to establish a reliable and also flexible and open structure for accomplishment integrated approaches.
The model defines a municipal organizational model not exclusively but inclusively, together with its own corporate and institutional structure, including universities, research centres, civil organizations and SMEs, too.
The aim of this strategic management approach is to build up a model that ensures the maximal EU funding absorption during the programming period, despite the decreasing allocation available for such developed regions as Budapest. Keywords: EU strategy, public sector, organizational structures, strategic planning 1.
Introduction The main focus of this study is a new EU related strategic management model at the municipal sector. The model concentrates on the Municipality of the city of Budapest and the Central Hungarian Region for the reason that decrease and structural rearrangement of financial resources are expected in this area.
At the same time the support ratio changes too, in the EU financial period regarding to the fact that the Central Hungarian Region with the city of Budapest is among more developed regions when talking about its eligibility of funds. The budgetary period calls for such main focuses as smart sustainable and inclusive growth, at the same time the need for integrated approach also appears in order to ensure a better absorption and combination of different financial resources and funds.
It is also worth mentioning that planning and implementation of strategic management models is a continuous activity Csath, with aims and strategic actions for implementation. During evaluation of results the successfulness of a strategy or a model has to be measurable by pre-defined indicators.
As it is defined by the above mentioned Commission document, too: a description of the strategy and its objectives, a description of the integrated and innovative character of the strategy and a hierarchy of objectives, including clear and measurable targets for outputs or results.
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The strategy shall be coherent with the relevant programmes of all the CSF Funds involved. This study gives possible solutions and definite tools for the municipal sector for contribution to achieve the goals defined in the Partnership Agreement for Hungary.
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Material and method The models and result of this study are based on document and data analyses of the European Union, with a special regard to the documents of the budgetary period, Commission Reports, country-specific recommendations and various official publications of the EU, especially the documents in connection with regional and urban analyses and agenda.
Besides document and data analyses, the scope of the study was also expanded to corporate sector organizational models and their applicability in the public sector in order to establish models that neurológia anti aging new and adequate possible solutions for well established and better resource absorption.
Results and Discussion 3. The simplified organizational model of the Municipality of the City of Budapest will be introduced in this study, on the basis of the organizational model mainly defined for corporate sector by Henry Mintzberg, and also it focuses on the operative organizational model of project management which is outstandingly important from the point pvc svájci anti aging kerítés view of EU-financed developments.
The Illustration of the basic design school model 6 by Mintzberg and the 7S-modell by Waterman, Peters and Phillips 7 were used as the basis of Budapest municipal models, though some specific issues had to be taken into account.
The trend of resource allocation and its financial side cannot be altered significantly in Budapest, regarding to the outstandingly high internal debt of the BKV Budapest Transport Company.
This problem is recognised not only at local but also at European level too, as it is mentioned in the Position of the Commission Services on the development of Partnership Agreement and programmes in Hungary for the period : 8 Lack of progress in restructuring public transport e.
Figure 1 shows the allocation of resources of Budapest inin relation to expenses of reconstruction and development. Figure 1.
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Resource allocation of reconstruction and development in Budapest, ábra. A felújítás és fejlesztés forrásmegosztása Budapesten, Source: Municipal Economic Programown editing Capitalized assets in books of BKV: 84 billion HUF state or EU co-financing and 20 billion municipal co-financing, capitalized assets in books of the municipality or of its institutions: 70 billion municipal resources and credits, 44 billion state or EU co-financing as Figure 1 shows.
It can be stated that reconstruction and development expenses are mainly financed by pénzügyek sme switzerland anti aging state or the EU which in itself justifies that during strategic planning such model has to be established which ensures the utilization of funds for projects that are planned, consistent, efficient, successful and also sustainable Business Horizons Organizational background of strategic planning Strategic planning is a series of decisions in which we define main goals for an organization in general and also for a specific policy area in order to make our organization capable of accommodation to its external environment and its changes in the most effective and successful way.
Four types of a strategy can be distinguished: reactor, defender, prospector and analyzer Snow,9 mainly defined for the corporate sector. Also, a strategy has different levels within the organization Csath, In the followings integrated models will be introduced by synthesis of organizational and strategic models of corporate-sector and gives their alternative applications in the public sector.
The study examines the organizational structure of the Municipality of the City of Budapest in itself and together with its institutional system, too.
First, the structural and operative organizational model will be introduced in relation to EU project management processes. Figure 2 shows the structural operational model of the Municipality of Budapest. This hierarchical organization includes a dual structure in itself with the leadership of the local government and the bureau as it can be seen in Figure 2.
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At the same time, by taking into account the organizational models, it is a functional organization, too Marosán, Figure 2. Simplified structural organizational model of the Municipality of the City of Budapest, ábra. Budapest Főváros Önkormányzatának egyszerűsített szervezeti modellje, Source: own editing, based on: The operative organizational model will be introduced with a special regard to municipal project management activity.
Figure 3 shows the operative connections between the leadership of the municipality and the departments as operative units during the preparation and 8 9 Nemes Ferenc Makó Csaba : Vezetés és Szervezetelmélet, Bp.
This operative structure is formed within the above mentioned hierarchical structure in a way that in function it is similar to pénzügyek sme switzerland anti aging matrix-type organization where the operational units are in mutual connections with each other. Figure 3. Operative, matrix-type organizational model of strategic project management of the Municipality of Budapest 3.
Budapest Főváros Önkormányzatának operatív, mátrix típusú stratégiai projektmenedzsment modellje Source: own editing The operative model above, in case of specific EU-financed projects, gives the possibility for cooperation between such pénzügyek sme switzerland anti aging of the organization which, at the level of bureau leadership, belong to separate leader-line and policy area.
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By opening the typical hierarchical model, opportunity of new synergies occur, at the same time specific professional tasks e. This model also ensures that by close cooperation of units, high quality and well prepared project ideas occur in operative preparation even at the level of planning. It is also important to mention that project planning is not ad hoc but can be accomplished only after detailed overall strategic planning, and the operative structure above only gives a stable and secure background of accomplishment.
The organizational models defined by Henry Mintzberg 10 can be applied for public sector organizations, too but in case of each organizational structure a distinction between strict structural and operational model is suggested, with a special regard to the implementation of special policy activities.
Preparation and implementation of integrated projects are also possible with the organizational model, introduced above, as experts of different policy areas are delegated to 10 Mintzberg Henry : The Structuring of Organizations.
Regional Competitiveness Index, ábra.
by members of
What is clear is the fact that in countries that accessed EU in or later only three cities Warsaw, Budapest, Prague were able to attract TNCs to locate their headquarters there and thus be included in the network of global connections.
Pénzügyek sme switzerland anti aging quotation above rises the question whether the capital region in Hungary is capable of positioning its fully or partly owned public utility companies and if the answer is yes, than which is the best way to do so. A new city management model 14 was worked out and introduced in Budapest with the reorganization of the institutional system of city management at the end of Two holdings were founded: one for the unified management of public service companies BVK-Budapesti Városüzemeltetési Központ, literally the Centre for Budapest City Management and the other for the coordination and management of all transport-related tasks.
Among others important reasons for implementation of this model were to ensure the owner-driven strategic planning and realization and support of the needs of the owner as the contracting party. A new level was introduced within the institutional structure between the municipality and its public utility and transport companies.
(Faculty of Business Administration, Corvinus University of Budapest)
This level of the holdings ensures integrated management in policy organization, ordering services and control in harmony with both the needs of the owner and professional viewpoints of each policy area. Though detailed analysis of the new structure is not part of this study, the structure of holdings gives promising opportunities during strategic planning and this way at the level of EU resource-management, too.
By the close municipal cooperation with the BVK and the BKK in the framework of the new city management model the municipality can prepare projects pénzügyek sme switzerland anti aging with the companies and this way absorption of pénzügyek sme switzerland anti aging resources can be increased. It can also contribute to achieve the following goals, defined by the Commission Services: Put in place and reinforce an appropriate governance and management structure in major cities especially Budapestto ensure integrated planning and management; define integrated sustainable urban transport plans Ensure the effective implementation of EU pénzügyek sme switzerland anti aging acquis in the sectors of waste management and wastewater management as well as horizontal provisions concerning environment impact assessment and strategic environment impact assessment.
This model, in harmony with the need for Community-led Local Development CLLD : Designed taking into consideration local needs and potential, and include innovative features in the local context, networking and, where appropriate, cooperation.
Figure 5. The simplified strategic management model of Budapest 5. Budapest egyszerűsített stratégiai menedzsment modellje Source: own editing By the analysis of EU-related tasks of the Municipality of Budapest it can be stated that by the point of view of strategic planning, the city and so the municipality has numerous tasks and of course on-going projects practically in all thematic priority areas defined for developed regions by the EU.
The new and integrated approach in city management and strategic planning is a good opportunity to harmonize developments and take advantage of synergies between different policy and implementation areas.
By taking into account the goals of the EU thematic priority areas it is obvious that those can be accomplished only in case of close project cooperation between all actors of different levels within the region and at international level, too.
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Marosán, Gy. Therefore the economists specialists have recommended simple procedure of establishing companies.
Despite of the economist point of view the enerpreneurship prefers environment, where less companies are but the existing companies are trusthworthy. Based on these two contradiction we are goning to analyse the capital requirments and the ownership s responsibilities in some countries in European Union.
We compare the international and Hungarian economic treatise, to present the changing of the Hungarian capital requirments, and we compare the Hungarian capital requirments with examed countries of EU. We are going to analyse is there any correlation between the capital requirments and the numbers of the companies. Is there any correlation between the capital requirments and the numbers of bankruptcy of the enterprises.
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We are going to analyse whether any correlation between the capital requirments and the hierarcy of competitivness. We compare the Hungarian equity capital with the European capital requirments. The Hungarian equity capital, which is going to encrease to 3 M HUF and will be brought into statute from 15th of Marchis accoring to the Unions average equity capital.
Based on our analisys, there are not any correlation was found between the equity capital and the number of established companies, no any correlation between the number of liquidity and the hierarchy of competitivness of the country. Bevezetés A versenyképességi vizsgálatok alapja az országban illetve a régióban működő vállalkozások számának alakulása, ezért a versenyképességi szakemberek főként a minél egyszerűbb vállalkozásalapítást hangsúlyozzák.
